RESUMENEl siguiente artículo tiene por objeto el estudio y análisis del ámbito de aplicación de la ley en materia penal, este es uno de los cuatro efectos de la ley penal, además, se proyecta en el espacio, en el tiempo, en las personas y en la materia. “La temporalidad se refiere al tiempo, y cuando se relaciona lo temporal con la ley es sinónimo de vigencia” (Rosillo, 2017, 12). Una de las principales razones para proceder con esta investigación es brindar información certera acerca de la validez y la eficacia de la aplicación temporal de la ley penal, sobre todo a profesionales entendidos de la materia, para ello se utilizará distintos métodos de investigación que permitirán analizar y recolectar información referente al tema. Respecto al ámbito de aplicación temporal de la ley penal encontramos que la sucesión de las leyes penales plantea algunos problemas en cuanto a su eficacia temporal, uno de ellos es el de las leyes temporales que son emitidas para un período o una situación específica, pierde automáticamente o por derecho su vigencia. Pero, qué pasa cuando se aplica esta ley; si en materia penal se imputa a hechos punibles que tengan lugar solo después de su vigencia, uno de los errores que se comete es aplicar el principio de retroactividad de la ley penal más favorable al acusado. Tema que más adelante se extenderá y mostrará los motivos que inciden a cometer este tipo de errores. Además, se interpretará el Art. 16 Título V del Código Orgánico Integral Penal, referente al ámbito de aplicación temporal, de manera clara y concisa, logrando tener mayor entendimiento sobre cuando, a quienes y en qué momento debe ser aplicada.
ABSTRACTThe article aims to study and analyze the scope of application of the law in criminal matters, this is one of the four effects of criminal law, in addition, it is projected in space, in time, in people and in the matter. “Temporality refers to time, and when the temporal is related to the law it is synonymous with validity” (Rosillo, 2017, page 12). One of the main reasons for proceeding with this investigation is to provide accurate information about the validity and effectiveness of the temporary application of the criminal law, especially to knowledgeable professionals, for this purpose different research methods will be used that will allow analyze and collect information regarding the subject. Regarding the temporal scope of the criminal law we find that the succession of criminal laws poses some problems in terms of its temporary effectiveness, one of which is that of temporary laws that are issued for a specific period or situation, automatically loses or by right its validity. But, what happens when this law is applied; if in criminal matters it is attributed to punishable acts that take place only after its validity, one of the errors committed is to apply the principle of retroactivity of the criminal law more favorable to the accused. Theme that will later be extended and will show the reasons that affect to commit this type of errors. In addition, Article 16 Title V of the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code, referring to the scope of temporary application, will be interpreted in a clear and concise manner, achieving greater understanding of when, to whom and at what time it should be applied.
KEYWORDS: law, temporality, efficacy, validity, effectiveness of the law, infringement, principle of legality.
JEL CODE / CLASIFICACIÓN JEL: D61, K14
The article aims to study and analyze the scope of application of the law in criminal matters, this is one of the four effects of criminal law, in addition, it is projected in space, in time, in people and in the matter. “Temporality refers to time, and when the temporal is related to the law it is synonymous with validity” (Rosillo, 2017, page 12). One of the main reasons for proceeding with this investigation is to provide accurate information about the validity and effectiveness of the temporary application of the criminal law, especially to knowledgeable professionals, for this purpose different research methods will be used that will allow analyze and collect information regarding the subject. Regarding the temporal scope of the criminal law we find that the succession of criminal laws poses some problems in terms of its temporary effectiveness, one of which is that of temporary laws that are issued for a specific period or situation, automatically loses or by right its validity. But, what happens when this law is applied; if in criminal matters it is attributed to punishable acts that take place only after its validity, one of the errors committed is to apply the principle of retroactivity of the criminal law more favorable to the accused. Theme that will later be extended and will show the reasons that affect to commit this type of errors. In addition, Article 16 Title V of the Comprehensive Criminal Organic Code, referring to the scope of temporary application, will be interpreted in a clear and concise manner, achieving greater understanding of when, to whom and at what time it should be applied.
KEYWORDS: law, temporality, efficacy, validity, effectiveness of the law, infringement, principle of legality.
JEL CODE: D61, K14