This study focuses on analysing human resource mobility policies in Science and Technology (s&t). The analysis of mobility programmes provides information about the fast changes occurring within the Spanish s&t system, particularly with regard to the flow of human resources. Since the late 1990s, human resource policies have been aimed at reversing brain drain and strengthening the internationalisation of s&t activities. Policies have evolved greatly, now oriented toward actively stopping brain drain and encouraging brain circulation and, perhaps most importantly, recruiting talent. This articles methodology is based on analysing the scientific policies and opinions of the key players involved in those programmes. Empirical evidence indicates that despite these changes, human resource policies have appeared through random initiatives rather than careful plans enacted by governmental agencies. This practice increases the risk of brain drain, as talented young people must seek gainful employment elsewhere due the current economic crisis.