Giving the high adaptability, heritability, genetic variability and nutritive values reported in theindigenous landraces of legumes, combined efforts should be geared towards their improvement.The present study aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of “Fiofio” Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth and“Olaudi” Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp to gamma irradiation using morphological markers. Seedsof these legumes were exposed to gamma irradiation at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 Gy from 60Co source.There was significant effect of gamma irradiation on days to 50% seedling emergence in a dosedependentfashion for “Fiofio” but it did not significantly affect the seedling emergence of “Olaudi”.Germination percentage was not affected concerning the two crops but the survival percentagewas significantly reduced as the dose of exposure increased, especially for “Fiofio” variety. Growthand yield traits were increased in plants raised from seeds exposed to 200 Gy of gamma irradiationfor both legumes. “Fiofio” plants raised from seeds treated with 400, 600 and 800 Gyhave died aftertwo months, while those of “Olaudi” have presented a retarded growth. Explicitly, exposing theseeds of these legumes to 200 Gy of gamma irradiation could serve as a good springboard for theirimprovement.Giving the high adaptability, heritability, genetic variability and nutritive values reported in theindigenous landraces of legumes, combined efforts should be geared towards their improvement.The present study aimed at evaluating the sensitivity of “Fiofio” Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth and“Olaudi” Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp to gamma irradiation using morphological markers. Seedsof these legumes were exposed to gamma irradiation at 0, 200, 400, 600, 800 Gy from 60Co source.There was significant effect of gamma irradiation on days to 50% seedling emergence in a dosedependentfashion for “Fiofio” but it did not significantly affect the seedling emergence of “Olaudi”.Germination percentage was not affected concerning the two crops but the survival percentagewas significantly reduced as the dose of exposure increased, especially for “Fiofio” variety. Growthand yield traits were increased in plants raised from seeds exposed to 200 Gy of gamma irradiationfor both legumes. “Fiofio” plants raised from seeds treated with 400, 600 and 800 Gyhave died aftertwo months, while those of “Olaudi” have presented a retarded growth. Explicitly, exposing theseeds of these legumes to 200 Gy of gamma irradiation could serve as a good springboard for their improvement. Efeitos mutagênicos de irradiação gamma em variedades nativasde Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth e Vigna unguiculata (L.)usando marcadores morfomolecularesDadas as elevadas adaptabilidade, hereditariedade, variabilidade genética e valores nutritivosrelatados nas raças autóctones de leguminosas, os esforços combinados devem ser orientadaspara a sua melhoria. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a sensibilidade de feijão guanduCajanus cajan (L.) Huth e “Olaudi” Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp à irradiação gama, utilizandomarcadores morfológicos. As sementes destas vagens foram expostas a irradiação gama de 0, 200,400, 600, 800 Gy a partir de fonte de 60Co. Houve efeito significativo da irradiação gama em diascom a emergência de 50% das sementes em uma dose-dependente para “Fiofio”, mas isto nãoafetou significativamente a emergência de plântulas de “Olaudi”. A percentagem de germinaçãonão foi afetada naquilo que se refere às duas culturas, mas a percentagem de sobrevivência foisignificativamente reduzida à medida quea houve aumento da dose de exposição, especialmentepara a variedade “Fiofio”. Características de crescimento e rendimento foram aumentadas emplantas cultivadas a partir de sementes expostas a 200 Gy de radiação gama para ambos oslegumes. Plantas “Fiofio” oriundas de sementes tratadas com 400, 600 e 800Gy morreram depoisde dois meses, enquanto as de “Olaudi” apresentaram um crescimento retardado. Explicitamente,expor as sementes dessas leguminosas a 200 Gy de radiação gama poderia servir como um bomtrampolim para a sua melhoria.