TheSyagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc palm, although widely used in Brazilian landscaping, is poorly studied, especially, regarding seedlings production. Studies on ‘seed’ (botanically, a pyrene) and seedling morphology of this palm have not been found, although it has a great market demand. Thus, this study aimed to describe the seeds and seedlings morphology of S. oleracea. The morphology of seeds, the embryos and the phases representing the germination process were sketched with the aid of clear camera attached to a stereomicroscope. The fruit is a drupe and the seeds are albuminous with ruminated endosperm of hard consistency and occupying almost the entire interior of the seeds. The embryo is lateral, peripheral, poorly differentiated and rectum. Through the opening of a circular operculum in wraps seeds, emerges cotyledon petiole that grows and expands at its end, resulting in the primary root and shoot. The first juvenile complete leaf is simple and lanceolated, with parallel venation, composed of large veins, arranged longitudinally. The germination of the S. oleracea seeds is of remote tubular type.A palmeira Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc, embora muito utilizada no paisagismo brasileiro ainda é pouco estudada, principalmente quanto à produção de mudas. Não foram encontrados estudos sobre a morfologia do diásporo e da plântula desta palmeira, que tem grande procura no mercado. Desta forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever os aspectos morfológicos dos diásporos e das plântulas de S. oleracea. As faces externa e interna dos diásporos, bem como o embrião e as fases representativas do processo germinativo, foram esquematizados com auxílio de câmara clara, acoplada ao estereomicroscópio. O fruto é uma drupa e as sementes são albuminosas, com endosperma ruminado, oleaginoso e de consistência dura, ocupando quase todo o interior do diásporo. que contém uma amêndoa sólida, córnea, branca e oleaginosa. As sementes são albuminosas, com endosperma ruminado e de consistência dura, ocupando quase todo o interior do diásporo. O embrião é lateral, periférico, reto e pouco diferenciado. Por meio da abertura de um opérculo circular nos envoltórios do diásporo, emerge o pecíolo cotiledonar que cresce e dilata em sua extremidade, originando a raiz primária e a parte aérea. A primeira folha juvenil completa é simples e lanceolada, com nervação paralela, composta por nervuras largas, dispostas longitudinalmente. A germinação da semente de guariroba é do tipo remota tubular. Morphological aspects of seeds and seedlings ofSyagrus oleracea (MART.) BECC – ArecaceaeAbstractThe Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc palm, although widely used in Brazilian landscaping, ispoorly studied, especially, regarding seedlings production. Studies on ‘seed’ (botanically,a pyrene) and seedling morphology of this palm have not been found, although it hasa great market demand. Thus, this study aimed to describe the seeds and seedlingsmorphology of S. oleracea. The morphology of seeds, the embryos and the phasesrepresenting the germination process were sketched with the aid of clear camera attachedto a stereomicroscope. The fruit is a drupe and the seeds are albuminous with ruminatedendosperm of hard consistency and occupying almost the entire interior of the seeds. Theembryo is lateral, peripheral, poorly differentiated and rectum. Through the opening of acircular operculum in wraps seeds, emerges cotyledon petiole that grows and expands atits end, resulting in the primary root and shoot. The first juvenile complete leaf is simple andlanceolated, with parallel venation, composed of large veins, arranged longitudinally. Thegermination of the S. oleracea seeds is of remote tubular type.