Calophyllum brasiliense, known as Guanandi, is a heliophytic tree, and native to the Americancontinent and show great historic importance in Brazil. There is some information about insectsassociated with this tree species, but very few specific records. The aim of this study was to describethe occurrence and damage of a new Ambrosia beetle attacking Guanandi tree. In order to getthis information, pieces of attacked Guanandi branch were collected and kept under observationfor a period of 39 days. Adult beetles emerged from the timber were collected and measured.Branch pieces were dissected to evaluate the damage caused by the Ambrosia beetle to thewood. We collected 113 adult beetles, identified as Premnobius cavipennis, Eichhoff with a bodylength ranging from 2.7 to 2.9 mm. The timber infested with P. cavipennis had tunnels (galleries) andholes, with diameters ranging from 1.1 to 1.3 mm. Furthermore, we observed that the timber showedstains around the galleries, which were caused by a fungus introduced by this beetle into the wood.This study is the first record of attack and damage of P. cavipennis in the Guanandi tree.Calophyllum brasiliense, popularmente conhecida como Guanandi, é uma espécie arbórea, heliófita, nativa do continente americano e de grande importância histórica para o Brasil. São poucos os registro de associação de insetos com esta essência florestal. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a ocorrência e os danos de uma nova espécie de besouro-de-ambrósia atacando Guanandi. Para isso, foram coletados pedaços de galho de guanandi, com sinais de ataque de coleobrocas, em Viçosa-MG. O material foi mantido em observações por um período de 39 dias. Os besouros que emergiam foram estudados e a madeira foi cortada, para visualizar os danos ocasionados em seu interior. Foi medido o diâmetro dos orifícios feitos pelo besouro. Foram coletados 113 indivíduos do inseto, o qual foi determinado como sendo Premnobius cavipennis, Eichhoff. O comprimento do corpo variou de 2,7 a 2,9 mm. A madeira da árvore infestada com P. cavipennis apresentou galerias e orifícios que variaram de 1,1 a 1,3 mm de diâmetro, além de manchas, ao redor das galerias, causadas pelo fungo introduzido pelos besouros na madeira. Este foi o primeiro registro de P. cavipennis atacando árvores de Guanandi.New ambrosia beetle on guanandi tree (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambessedes)AbstractCalophyllum brasiliense, known as Guanandi, is a heliophytic tree, and native to the Americancontinent and show great historic importance in Brazil. There is some information about insectsassociated with this tree species, but very few specific records. The aim of this study was to describethe occurrence and damage of a new Ambrosia beetle attacking Guanandi tree. In order to getthis information, pieces of attacked Guanandi branch were collected and kept under observationfor a period of 39 days. Adult beetles emerged from the timber were collected and measured.Branch pieces were dissected to evaluate the damage caused by the Ambrosia beetle to thewood. We collected 113 adult beetles, identified as Premnobius cavipennis, Eichhoff with a bodylength ranging from 2.7 to 2.9 mm. The timber infested with P. cavipennis had tunnels (galleries) andholes, with diameters ranging from 1.1 to 1.3 mm. Furthermore, we observed that the timber showedstains around the galleries, which were caused by a fungus introduced by this beetle into the wood.This study is the first record of attack and damage of P. cavipennis in the Guanandi tree.