This paper attempts to analyze the concepts of otredad [otherness] as defined by Octavio Paz, l’Autre et l’absolument Autre [the other and the absolute other], by Emmanuel Lévinas and l’être en-soi, l’être pour-soi et l’être pour-autrui [being-in-itself, being-for-itself and being-for others], by Jean-Paul Sartre in contemporary literature. The following books were analyzed: Paz’s El arco y la lira [The bow and the lyre] and La otra voz [The other voice]; Lévinas’s Autrement qu’être ou au-delà de l’essence [Otherwise than being: or beyond essence] and Sartre’s L’être et le néant [Being and nothingness], in which the processes of surpassing the cognoscent subject by the Other (in different modes of action) are more intensely shown.Este ensaio busca rastrear os conceitos de otredad (Octavio Paz) outrem e absolutamente outro (Emmanuel Lévinas) e Em-si, Para-si e Para-outro (Jean-Paul Sartre) na literatura contemporânea a partir das reflexões desses pensadores no que se refere às diferentes formas de outramento pela palavra “literária” e “filosófica”. Para tanto, foram analisados, especialmente, os livros El arco y la lira e La otra voz (PAZ, 1986, 1990); Autrement qu’être ou au-delà de l’essence (LEVINAS, 1974) e O ser e o nada (SARTRE, 1997) nos quais se evidenciam, de forma mais intensa, os processos de ultrapassagem do sujeito cognoscente pelo Outro (em diferentes modalidades de atuação).