Mostrar el registro sencillo del ítem
| dc.contributor | Villar Centeno, Juan Carlos | |
| dc.contributor | Álvarez Ortíz, Alexander | |
| dc.contributor | Sánchez Velásquez, Alejandro | |
| dc.contributor | Villar Centeno, Juan Carlos [0000068519] | |
| dc.contributor | Villar Centeno, Juan Carlos [0000-0002-7047-7299] | |
| dc.contributor | Villar Centeno, Juan Carlos [Juan-Carlos-Villar-Centeno-2168464015] | |
| dc.creator | Rodríguez Prada, Javier Armando | |
| dc.date | 2021-08-12T13:23:53Z | |
| dc.date | 2021-08-12T13:23:53Z | |
| dc.date | 2021 | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-14T20:20:27Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-03-14T20:20:27Z | |
| dc.identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12749/13786 | |
| dc.identifier | instname:Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga - UNAB | |
| dc.identifier | reponame:Repositorio Institucional UNAB | |
| dc.identifier | repourl:https://repository.unab.edu.co | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/22431 | |
| dc.description | Introducción: La fibrilación auricular es motivo de consulta frecuente en los servicios de urgencias. En este escenario la arritmia tiene implicaciones clínicas variables que van desde síntomas leves hasta la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda y la inestabilidad hemodinámica, sin restar importancia al riesgo embólico asociado a la cardioversión. La heterogeneidad del tratamiento cuando la taquicardia lleva menos de 48 horas no ha sido focalizada en profundidad por las guías vigentes. Por tanto, se hace necesario estandarizar y optimizar la atención a este grupo de pacientes a través de la generación de una guía de práctica clínica basada en la síntesis de la evidencia. Metodología: El punto de partida para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto fue la indagación, diseño y selección de cinco preguntas clínicas en formato PICO, seleccionadas, por su relevancia a través de un proceso iterativo y jerarquizado de calificación, con el apoyo de un panel de expertos constituido por dos Cardiólogos clínicos, dos Electro fisiólogos y un Médico Internista de urgencias. Las cinco preguntas seleccionadas abordaron las principales incógnitas de decisión: control de frecuencia versus control de ritmo, cardioversión eléctrica versus cardioversión farmacológica, papel del CHA2DS2 vasc y el ecocardiograma transesofágico en la predicción de riesgo embólico asociado la cardioversión y la mejor estrategia de control de frecuencia entre betabloqueantes, amiodarona y digoxina. Para responder las preguntas se aplicaron estrategias de búsqueda en las principales bases de datos (Medline/Pubmed, Embase y Cochrane library), metabuscadores (Ovid, Science direct) y otras fuentes bibliográficas de referencia. La selección de los estudios fue realizada a través del tamizaje por título y resumen, revisión del texto completo de los elegibles y construcción del cuerpo de evidencia luego de verificar los criterios de exclusión y jerarquizar por diseño de estudio (preferencia de revisiones sistemáticas sobre ensayos clínicos y de estos sobre estudios observacionales) y por riesgo de sesgos. Para este último fin se emplearon las herramientas de evaluación crítica AMSTAR 2, Rob-2 y Robins II. A través de la aproximación GRADE se construyeron las tablas de evidencia y resúmenes de juicio (Evidence to decision). Con estas se desarrolló el consenso de expertos y la formulación final de las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia. Resultados: Con una base de cuatro ensayos clínicos y tres estudios no aleatorios se formularon cinco recomendaciones: 1. En pacientes adultos con FA aguda en el servicio de urgencias, con respuesta ventricular rápida y hemodinámicamente estables, se sugiere optar por el control de ritmo sobre el control de frecuencia para lograr el mantenimiento en ritmo sinusal (Recomendación condicional basada en la baja certeza en la evidencia de los efectos). 2. En los pacientes adultos con FA aguda en el servicio de urgencias, con respuesta ventricular rápida y hemodinámicamente estables, de considerarse factible, se sugiere realizar cardioversión eléctrica en lugar de cardioversión farmacológica para lograr la reversión y mantenimiento en ritmo sinusal (Recomendación condicional basada en la baja certeza en la evidencia de los efectos). 3. En los pacientes adultos con FA aguda en el servicio de urgencias, con respuesta ventricular rápida, hemodinámicamente estables y candidatos para cardioversión, se recomienda usar la puntuación CHA2DS2 vasc para estratificar el riesgo embólico asociado. (Recomendación fuerte basada en la Alta certeza en la evidencia de los efectos). 4. En pacientes adultos con FA aguda en el servicio de urgencias, con respuesta ventricular rápida, hemodinámicamente estables y candidatos para cardioversión, se sugiere no realizar el ecocardiograma transesofágico de rutina para guiar esta decisión (Recomendación condicional basada en Muy baja certeza en la evidencia de los efectos). 5. En los pacientes adultos con FA aguda en el servicio de urgencias, hemodinámicamente estables, con respuesta ventricular rápida y candidatos para control de frecuencia, se sugiere preferir el uso de Amiodarona sobre Digoxina (Recomendación condicional basada en la Baja certeza en la evidencia de los efectos). Conclusión: Solamente la recomendación de usar el CHA2DS2 vasc para estratificar el riesgo embólico asociado a la cardioversión fue evaluada como fuerte a favor. La predominancia de recomendaciones condicionales por baja o muy baja certeza en la evidencia reflejan la incertidumbre latente en el tema. Por tanto, se requiere mayor investigación para llenar estos vacíos en la evidencia. El curso de acción final de los clínicos dependerá sustancialmente de la individualización de los casos. | |
| dc.description | 1. TITULO DEL PROYECTO................................................................................ 9 2. RESUMEN ........................................................................................................ 9 3. DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO..................................................................13 3.1. Planteamiento y justificación del problema............................................13 3.2. Marco teórico..........................................................................................14 3.3. Estado del arte...........................................................................................17 3.4. Objetivos .................................................................................................... 20 3.4.1. Objetivo general .................................................................................. 20 3.4.2. Objetivos específicos..........................................................................20 3.5. Metodología................................................................................................ 21 3.5.1. Selección de las preguntas PICO....................................................... 21 3.5.2. Estrategias de búsqueda en la literatura ........................................... 24 3.5.2.1. PICO 1: ..............................................................................................25 3.5.2.2. PICO 2................................................................................................26 3.5.2.3. PICO 3................................................................................................28 3.5.2.4. PICO 4................................................................................................29 3.5.2.5. PICO 5................................................................................................31 3.5.3. Selección de los estudios...................................................................33 4. RESULTADOS- DESARROLLO DE LAS PREGUNTAS...............................35 4.1. PREGUNTA PICO 1.................................................................................35 4.1.1 Estudio de referencia y desenlaces extraídos:..................................35 4.1.2 Juicios:..................................................................................................35 4.1.3. Formulación de la recomendación pregunta PICO 1:......................38 4.2. PREGUNTA PICO 2.................................................................................38 4.2.1. Estudio de referencia y Desenlaces encontrados:...........................39 4.2.2. Juicios:................................................................................................. 39 4.2.3. Formulación de la recomendación pregunta PICO 2 .......................42 4.3. PREGUNTA PICO 3: ...............................................................................42 4.3.1. Estudios de referencia y desenlaces encontrados:.........................42 4.3.2. Juicios:................................................................................................. 43 4.3.3. Formulación de la recomendación .................................................... 46 4.4. PREGUNTA PICO 4 ................................................................................. 46 4.4.1. Estudio de referencia y desenlaces encontrados: ........................... 46 4.4.2. Juicios:................................................................................................. 47 4.4.3. Formulación de la recomendación: ................................................... 51 4.5. PREGUNTA PICO 5.................................................................................51 4.5.1 Estudio de referencia y desenlaces encontrados:............................51 4.5.2. Juicios: ................................................................................................. 52 4.5.3. Formulación de la recomendación....................................................55 5. MODIFICACIONES AL PROTOCOLO...........................................................57 6. FORTALEZAS Y DEBILIDADES DEL TRABAJO.........................................58 7. REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ................................................................. 60 | |
| dc.description | Maestría | |
| dc.description | Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is a frequent reason for consultation in the emergency services. In this scenario, arrhythmia has variable clinical implications ranging from mild symptoms to acute heart failure and hemodynamic instability, without minimizing the embolic risk associated with cardioversion. The heterogeneity of the treatment when the tachycardia has lasted less than 48 hours has not been focused in depth by the current guidelines. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize and optimize the care of this group of patients through the generation of a clinical practice guide based on the synthesis of the evidence. Methodology: The starting point to achieve the proposed objective was the investigation, design and selection of five clinical questions in PICO format, selected for their relevance through an iterative and hierarchical rating process with the support of a panel of experts made up of two clinical cardiologists, two electrophysiologists and an emergency internist. The five selected questions addressed the main decision unknowns: rate control versus rhythm control, electrical cardioversion versus pharmacological cardioversion, role of CHA2DS2 vasc and transesophageal echocardiography in predicting embolic risk associated with cardioversion and the best rate control strategy. between beta-blockers, amiodarone, and digoxin. To answer the questions, search strategies were applied in the main databases (Medline / Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library), metasearch engines (Ovid, Science direct) and other bibliographic reference sources. The selection of the studies was carried out through screening by title and abstract, review of the full text of those eligible and construction of the body of evidence after verifying the exclusion criteria and ranking by study design (preference of systematic reviews over clinical trials and of these on observational studies) and due to risk of bias. For this last purpose, the critical evaluation tools AMSTAR 2, Rob-2 and Robins II were used. Through the GRADE approach, evidence tables and trial summaries (Evidence to decision) were constructed. With these, the expert consensus and the final formulation of the evidence-based recommendations were developed. | |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.format | application/pdf | |
| dc.language | spa | |
| dc.publisher | Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB | |
| dc.publisher | Facultad Ciencias de la Salud | |
| dc.publisher | Maestría en Métodos para la Producción y Aplicación de Conocimiento Científico en Salud | |
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| dc.rights | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/ | |
| dc.rights | Abierto (Texto Completo) | |
| dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess | |
| dc.rights | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia | |
| dc.subject | Medical sciences | |
| dc.subject | Health sciences | |
| dc.subject | Atrial fibrillation | |
| dc.subject | Emergency service | |
| dc.subject | Rate control | |
| dc.subject | Arrhythmia | |
| dc.subject | Heart diseases | |
| dc.subject | Blood circulation disorders | |
| dc.subject | Ciencias médicas | |
| dc.subject | Arritmia | |
| dc.subject | Enfermedades cardíacas | |
| dc.subject | Trastornos de la circulación sanguínea | |
| dc.subject | Ciencias de la salud | |
| dc.subject | Fibrilación auricular | |
| dc.subject | Servicio de urgencias | |
| dc.subject | Control de ritmo | |
| dc.title | Estrategias de tratamiento en pacientes adultos con fibrilación auricular aguda (de primera vez, duración menor a 48 horas) con respuesta ventricular rápida y estabilidad hemodinámica en el servicio de urgencias: guía basada en la síntesis de evidencia | |
| dc.title | Treatment strategies in adult patients with acute atrial fibrillation (first time, duration less than 48 hours) with rapid ventricular response and hemodynamic stability in the emergency department: Guidance based on evidence synthesis | |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis | |
| dc.type | Tesis | |
| dc.type | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdcc | |
| dc.type | info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion | |
| dc.type | http://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TM | |
| dc.coverage | Bucaramanga (Santander, Colombia) |
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