Objective: Establish the main factors that affect the consumption of illegal psychoactive substances in Colombia through the application of multivariate statistical techniques. Method: Responses of 500 randomly selected people from the national survey on the consumption of psychoactive substances in the general population of Colombia were considered. Data were analyzed with binary logistic regression, multiple correspondence analysis, and cluster analysis. Results: The probabilities that people who are curious and who are offered to consume hallucinogenic substances are offered to try drugs were identified as high. It is confirmed that a person will have a greater possibility of consuming drugs if members of their closest psychosocial environment consume. The psychoactive substance with the highest consumption and which is most offered to the citizens of Colombia is marijuana. 4 clusters were identified according to the type of consumption, which were called pot, cocaine addicts, polydrug use and out of the ordinary. Discussions: People who use and have friends who use psychoactive substances correlate with ease of access to psychoactive substances. Stability and consistency were detected between the different levels of access to drugs, that is, if it is easy for a person to acquire a specific drug, it will be just as easy for them to acquire other types of drugs and if it is difficult for them to obtain a specific substance, it will be just as difficult for you to obtain any of the other substances tested.Objetivo: Establecer los principales factores que inciden en el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas ilegales en Colombia mediante la aplicación de técnicas estadísticas multivariadas. Método: Se consideraron respuestas de 500 personas seleccionadas aleatoriamente de la encuesta nacional de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en población general de Colombia. Los datos se analizaron con regresión logística binaria, análisis de correspondencia múltiple y análisis de clúster. Resultados: Se identificaron altas probabilidades de que las personas que sientan la curiosidad y que se les ofrezca consumir sustancias alucinógenas prueben las drogas. Se confirma que una persona tendrá mayor posibilidad de consumir drogas si miembros de su entorno psicosocial más cercano consumen. La sustancia psicoactiva de mayor consumo y que es más ofrecida a los ciudadanos de Colombia es la marihuana. Se identificaron 4 clústeres de acuerdo al tipo de consumo, que se denominaron mota, cocainómanos, policonsumo y fuera de lo común. Conclusiones: Las personas que consumen y tienen amigos consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas se correlacionan con la facilidad en el acceso a sustancias psicoactivas. Se detectó estabilidad y consistencia entre los diferentes niveles de acceso a las drogas, es decir, si a una persona le es fácil adquirir una droga especifica le será igual de fácil adquirir los otros tipos de droga y si le es difícil conseguir una sustancia en específica, le será igual de difícil obtener cualquier otra de las sustancias analizadas.