Resumen: Al inicio de un nuevo siglo se observa una transición social, cultural y política que señala un proceso de ruptura o por lo menos de cuestionamiento de la hegemonía cultural que históricamente ha dominado la región; Summary: At the beginning of a new century there is a social, cultural and political transition that marks a process of rupture or at least questioning the cultural hegemony that has historically dominated the region. A transition towards what is called multi, pure and interculturality is driven by the undeniable management of indigenous movements (Ríos, 2002).