The Rise and Fall of Supermax: How the US Prison Model and Ultra Punitive Penal Policy Travelled to Colombia

Cruz, Julio; Grajales, Jennier

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dc.creator	Cruz, Julio
dc.creator	Grajales, Jennier
dc.date	2020-01-01
dc.date.accessioned	2022-03-22T20:01:21Z
dc.date.available	2022-03-22T20:01:21Z
dc.identifier	https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cienciapol/article/view/79734
dc.identifier	10.15446/cp.v15n29.79734
dc.identifier.uri	http://biblioteca-repositorio.clacso.edu.ar/handle/CLACSO/102867
dc.description	In the context of the US anti-narcotic program, ‘Plan Colombia’, during the first decade of the 21st century, special agents of the US Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) took position in the heart of the Colombian penitentiary administration. Their task was to lead a profound reform of the sector, based on the US ultra-punitive penal regime and its ‘supermax’ housing units. Based on extensive fieldwork with prison architects, inmates and other actors in the penal systems of the US and Colombia, this paper analyzes how the reform was set up on the ground, shedding light on the partially divergent interests and expectations of both governments within the neocolonial context of ‘Plan Colombia’. We show how, on the one hand, the reform partially succeeded in militarizing carceral life and deurbanizing the prison system, spatially isolating inmates from their social and family environment. On the other hand, we show that the reform eventually failed, for institutional and political reasons, to meet its declared goal of modernizing Colombian prisons. From a more theoretical perspective and drawing on recent literature on the mobility of policies and built forms, the paper argues that the introduction of supermax prisons in Colombia is a striking case where a mobile policy and a traveling architectural type coincided and complemented each other, and suggests that in order to advance our understanding of how space is produced in a global arena, interconnections between circuits of policy and architectural mobilities should be more systematically considered.	en-US
dc.description	En el contexto del programa antinarcótico estadounidense, Plan Colombia, durante la primera década del siglo XXI, agentes especiales de la Oficina Estadounidense de Prisiones (BOP, por sus siglas en inglés) se posicionaron en el corazón de la administración carcelaria colombiana. Su tarea fue liderar una reforma profunda del sector, basada en el régimen penal ultra punitivo y sus unidades de confinamiento supermax.1 Basado en un extensivo trabajo de campo con arquitectos de cárceles, presos y otros actores de los sistemas penales de Estados Unidos y Colombia, este trabajo analiza cómo la reforma fue preparada en el terreno, arrojando luces sobre los intereses y las expectativas parcialmente divergentes de ambos gobiernos en el contexto neocolonial del Plan Colombia. Mostramos cómo, por una parte, la reforma tuvo un éxito parcial en la militarización de la vida carcelaria y en la desurbanización del sistema de prisiones, aislando espacialmente a los presos de su entorno social y familiar. Por otra parte, mostramos que la reforma eventualmente falló, por razones políticas e institucionales, al no lograr su objetivo declarado de modernizar las prisiones colombianas.Desde una perspectiva más teórica y basados en literatura reciente sobre la movilidad de las políticas y las formas arquitectónicas,3 el trabajo argumenta que la introducción de las prisiones supermax en Colombia es un llamativo caso en el que una política móvil y un tipo arquitectónico ambulante coinciden y se complementan mutuamente. También sugiere que para mejorar nuestro entendimiento de cómo el espacio es producido en la arena global, se deben considerar más sistemáticamente las interconexiones entre los circuitos de la política y las movilidades de la arquitectura.	es-ES
dc.format	application/pdf
dc.language	spa
dc.publisher	Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá - Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas y Sociales - Departamento de Ciencias Políticas	es-ES
dc.relation	https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cienciapol/article/view/79734/75072
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dc.rights	Derechos de autor 2020 Ciencia Política	es-ES
dc.rights	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/	es-ES
dc.source	Ciencia Política; Vol. 15 No. 29 (2020): La dimensión Caribe de la nación Colombiana; 289-325	en-US
dc.source	Ciencia Política; Vol. 15 Núm. 29 (2020): La dimensión Caribe de la nación Colombiana; 289-325	es-ES
dc.source	Ciencia Política; v. 15 n. 29 (2020): La dimensión Caribe de la nación Colombiana; 289-325	pt-BR
dc.source	2389-7481
dc.source	1909-230X
dc.subject	Colombia	en-US
dc.subject	Mass Imprisonment	en-US
dc.subject	Policy Mobilities	en-US
dc.subject	Punitive Turn	en-US
dc.subject	Supermax Prisons	en-US
dc.subject	USA	en-US
dc.subject	JJ1000-1019	en-US
dc.subject	J	en-US
dc.subject	Political Science	en-US
dc.subject	Colombia	es-ES
dc.subject	encarcelamiento masivo	es-ES
dc.subject	Estados Unidos	es-ES
dc.subject	giro punitivo	es-ES
dc.subject	movilidad de las políticas prisiones supermax	es-ES
dc.subject	JJ1000-1019	es-ES
dc.subject	J	es-ES
dc.subject	Ciencia Política	es-ES
dc.title	The Rise and Fall of Supermax: How the US Prison Model and Ultra Punitive Penal Policy Travelled to Colombia	en-US
dc.title	Ascenso y caída del Supermax: cómo el modelo de prisión estadounidense y la política penal ultrapunitiva llegaron a Colombia	es-ES
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type	info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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