This work tries to be an exposition about thedifferences or similarities between the economic regime of marriage in Roma in contrast with the one recognized in the Fuero de Baylío. In order to reach a conclusion I start the work with the concept of marriage in Rome and the main requirement to have affects (affectio maritalis) becausewhen it finishes, bydivorce, starts the effects of the economic regime of the marriage as have to dissolve the common properties in force during it.El presente trabajo trata de exponer, partiendo del concepto de matrimonio en el derecho romano, el requisito del consentimientomatrimonial (affectio maritalis) y del régimen económico matrimonial,su semejanza o no con el de comunidad universal de bienes que se recoge en el Fuero del Baylío extremeño (España). La importancia de la affectio maritalis se sustenta en este caso, en su falta, lo queproduce la disolución matrimonial por divorcio, entrando en juego la división de los bienes matrimoniales.